CIBC Mortgages Inc v Reina Flores
Manitoba C.A. · Jun 12, 2026
- Jurisdiction
- international
- Court
- Manitoba C.A.
- Record ID
- cibc-mortgages-inc-v-reina-flores-2026-06-12
- Observed outcome
- The appeal was dismissed, and the respondent was awarded costs on a substantial indemnity basis.
- Known monetary consequence
- Not recorded
Why this matter warrants attention
The Manitoba Court of Appeal identified that a pro se litigant submitted a factum containing hallucinated and misrepresented case law, likely generated by artificial intelligence. The Court explicitly stated that such reliance on non-existent or irrelevant case law is unacceptable, though it did not impose a specific sanction beyond the dismissal of the appeal and the award of costs.
The linked source identifies the filing problem as: Appellant's factum cited case law that does not exist (hallucinated), forcing the respondent to attempt verification..
The source records a concrete authority-verification problem in a international proceeding and the tribunal’s documented response to it.
Failure modes and consequences
- Hallucinated_case_law
- Misrepresented_case_law
- Pro Se
- Fake Citations
- Misrepresented Authority
- Contract
- AI attribution
- Implied
- Recorded tool
- AI (unspecified)
- Known monetary consequence
- Not recorded
- Procedural posture
- Appeal from a summary judgment order in a mortgage foreclosure proceeding; the Court of Appeal dismissed the appeal.
Damien Charlotin case archive
Publisher document archive. The recorded document is hosted in the upstream publisher archive.
Open underlying sourceA recorded source link is not a substitute for checking the underlying order, filing, opinion, or disciplinary record.
What this record does—and does not—establish
The court noted the factum appeared generated by AI.
Limited to the linked source and the documented citation or quotation issue and stated disposition; no unrecorded tool, motive, or broader litigation facts are inferred.
Latest evidence review: Primary Document Verified (high confidence).
Controls suggested by the public record
- Check the cited authority, reporter reference, and pinpoint against the primary source before filing.
- Correct any unsupported citation promptly and preserve the verification record.
- Treat the listed consequence as case-specific rather than as a general rule about AI use.