Hardy v. Whitaker
E.D. Michigan · Mar 2, 2026
- Jurisdiction
- federal
- Court
- E.D. Michigan
- Record ID
- hardy-v-whitaker-2026-03-02
- Observed outcome
- Plaintiff's amended complaint dismissed with prejudice and plaintiff enjoined from future filings without leave of court.
- Known monetary consequence
- Not recorded
Why this matter warrants attention
The court dismissed the plaintiff's amended complaint with prejudice and imposed a pre-filing injunction. The court determined that the plaintiff's inclusion of AI-hallucinated citations in his motion for summary judgment, combined with a persistent pattern of frivolous filings and non-compliance with court orders, warranted these sanctions.
Fabricated: Case Law | Plaintiff's MSJ included the citation 'Patel v. City of Ferndale, 308 F.3d 511, 517 (6th Cir. 2002)'; the court identified it as a fabricated/phantom case likely produced by generative AI and flagged it as a hallucination. || Fabricated: Case Law | Plaintiff's MSJ included the citation 'Thompson v. City of Lebanon, 813 F.3d 318, 323 (6th Cir. 2016)'; the court identified it as a fabricated citation likely resulting from AI and noted it among fake citations. || Fabricated: Case Law | Plaintiff's MSJ included the citation 'Spurlock v. Satterfield, 167 F.3d 915 (5th Cir. 1999)'; the court listed this as one of several fake citations and suspected AI-generated hallucination. || Fabricated: Case Law | Plaintiff's MSJ included the citation 'Wesley v. Rigney, 860 F.3d 931 (6th Cir. 2017)'; the court characterized this as a fake citation likely produced by generative AI and cited it as an example of 'phantom cases.'
This record documents a Pro Se Litigant filing issue in E.D. Michigan, with the listed outcome: Plaintiff's amended complaint dismissed with prejudice.
Failure modes and consequences
- Hallucination
- Fabricated_case_law
- Pro Se
- Fake Citations
- Civil Rights
- Trial
- AI attribution
- Implied
- Recorded tool
- Generative AI (unspecified)
- Known monetary consequence
- Not recorded
- Procedural posture
- The court adopted the magistrate judge's report and recommendation, overruled the plaintiff's objections, dismissed the amended complaint with prejudice, and denied all other pending motions as moot.
Damien Charlotin case archive
Publisher document archive. The recorded document is hosted in the upstream publisher archive.
Open underlying sourceA recorded source link is not a substitute for checking the underlying order, filing, opinion, or disciplinary record.
What this record does—and does not—establish
The court suspected the use of generative AI.
Retained unchanged after audit: the existing summary is source-specific, non-placeholder, and supported by the recorded source link. Read the underlying source before relying on it for legal advice or a filing.
Latest evidence review: Primary Document Verified (high confidence).
Controls suggested by the public record
- Verify each cited authority, quotation, and proposition against the underlying source before filing.