AI hallucination cases in Pennsylvania courts: 45 decisions
Decisions dated Feb 27, 2025 to Oct 14, 2026 in a Pennsylvania court, from the 2,207-case AI Vortex dataset recorded through Oct 23, 2026. N = 45. Rank 8 of 10 states listed.
No state recorded: 102 of 1,502 US decisions in the dataset have no state recorded (91 recorded as federal, 11 recorded as state). They are not assigned to any state by inference, so they are in no state's count, including this one.
By failure type
Failure types named in the record. A decision can name several, so rows overlap and do not add to 45.
| Failure type | Decisions |
|---|---|
| Fabricated | 32 |
| Misrepresented | 26 |
| False Quotes | 11 |
| Outdated Advice | 1 |
By party
The party the dataset records for each decision. 1 decision is marked alleged only.
| Party | Decisions |
|---|---|
| Pro Se Litigant | 31 |
| Lawyer | 14 |
By court
Courts with 3 or more decisions, as the dataset labels them. 5 other courts hold 6 decisions.
| Court | Decisions |
|---|---|
| M.D. Pennsylvania | 13 |
| E.D. Pennsylvania | 11 |
| SC Pennsylvania | 9 |
| W.D. Pennsylvania | 6 |
| All other courts (5) | 6 |
| Total | 45 |
By court system
The dataset classifies each court as federal or state.
| Court system | Decisions |
|---|---|
| federal | 31 |
| state | 14 |
| Total | 45 |
By recorded response
The sanction or outcome type recorded for each decision. A decision can carry several, so rows overlap. Types come from the record; none is inferred.
| Response | Decisions |
|---|---|
| warning | 17 |
| none-adjudicated | 15 |
| monetary | 5 |
| ordered-to-show-cause | 3 |
| struck-filing | 3 |
| bar-referral | 2 |
| case-dismissed | 2 |
| professional | 2 |
Sanctions with an amount
5 decisions record an amount and link a source. 0 record costs ordered with no amount stated. Amounts in other currencies (0) are counted, never added to the USD figures.
| USD figure | Value |
|---|---|
| Decisions with a sourced USD amount | 5 |
| Total | USD 17,500 |
| Largest | USD 5,000 |
Largest recorded USD amount: E.D. Pennsylvania, Apr 20, 2026. Open the record.
Questions this report answers
- How many AI hallucination court decisions are recorded in Pennsylvania?
- 45 decisions in the AI Vortex dataset carry a decision date from Feb 27, 2025 to Oct 14, 2026 and a Pennsylvania court, recorded through Oct 23, 2026. That ranks Pennsylvania number 8 among the 10 states listed, with 3.2% of the 1,400 US decisions that record a state.
- Which failure types appear in Pennsylvania decisions?
- Fabricated: 32; Misrepresented: 26; False Quotes: 11; Outdated Advice: 1. A decision can name more than one type, so the counts overlap. Fabricated is the most common (32 of 45 decisions).
- Who is the party in these Pennsylvania decisions?
- Lawyer: 14; pro se litigant: 31; other or mixed: 0 of 45 decisions, as recorded in the dataset. The court with the most decisions is M.D. Pennsylvania (13).
- Are Pennsylvania decisions with no state counted here?
- 102 of 1,502 US decisions in the dataset have no state recorded (91 recorded as federal, 11 recorded as state). They are not assigned to any state by inference, so they are in no state's count, including this one.
- Do these counts show how likely a Pennsylvania filing is to be sanctioned?
- This is a count of public decisions, not an incidence rate: it says nothing about how many filings were checked or how many went unreported. Records are enriched automatically and none has been reviewed by hand. The latest 90-day window is undercounted because decisions reach the dataset weeks late. Small counts are shown as counts only.
Method and limits
Decisions are counted by the decision date recorded for each court ruling, and assigned to the state recorded in the dataset for the court. A US decision whose record has no state is not assigned to any state by inference: it is counted in the residue shown on the index and on every page. This is a count of public decisions, not an incidence rate: it says nothing about how many filings were checked or how many went unreported. Records are enriched automatically and none has been reviewed by hand. The latest 90-day window is undercounted because decisions reach the dataset weeks late. Small counts are shown as counts only. Window comparisons are counts only: no cause is read from them. Records entered through 2026-10-23; 0 records have no decision date and are never counted. Every figure on this page is recomputed from the dataset by a second, independent script (jq) before the report is committed. Source: Damien Charlotin, enriched by AI Vortex. Verify against the linked decision before relying on a case.
More on Pennsylvania: the Pennsylvania jurisdiction page, browse the 45 records, the ten-state index and the monthly statistics.